예산과 재무에 관한 짧은 리딩 스크립트

Reading Script: "What Is a Budget and Why Does It Matter?"

(약 580단어 / 약 1,400자)

A budget is a plan that shows how much money you expect to earn and how you plan to spend it. It helps both individuals and organizations manage their finances effectively. A good budget ensures that you don’t spend more than you make, and it helps you save for future goals.

 

In personal finance, people often create monthly budgets. This includes listing income from jobs or other sources and subtracting expected expenses like rent, groceries, transportation, and entertainment. If the expenses are higher than income, it may be necessary to cut back or find ways to increase income.

 

Companies also use budgets, but on a larger scale. A company’s finance team creates a budget to guide its spending, investments, and operations. The budget often includes revenue forecasts, cost estimates, and plans for profit margins. If a company goes over budget, it may face financial problems or need to borrow money.

 

Governments, too, make annual budgets. For example, a national budget outlines how much money the government expects to collect through taxes and how it will spend it on services like healthcare, education, and defense. A budget deficit happens when spending is more than income, and a budget surplus means the government has more money than it spends.

 

Having a budget is important because it gives you control. Without one, people or organizations may overspend, go into debt, or fail to meet financial goals. With a budget, they can track performance, set priorities, and make better decisions.

In finance, the process of budgeting is not just about tracking money—it’s about planning. It forces people to think about what matters most and allocate resources wisely. Whether for a person, a business, or a country, a budget is a powerful tool for financial health.

 

📌 주요 단어 정리:

• Budget: 예산
• Expenses: 지출
• Revenue: 수입, 매출
• Forecast: 예측
• Profit margin: 이익률
• Deficit: 적자
• Surplus: 흑자
• Allocate: 할당하다